A
Ankle-brachial index
Imaging & Subclinical DiseaseImaging markeru_shapednon modifiable
47
evidence score
Also known as: Ankle brachial index, Ankle-brachial index (ABI), abi, ankle brachial, ankle brachial index (ABI), ankle-brachial index (ABI)
PREVENT status
Not a PREVENT input variable.
Causal support
trial evidence
Score components
lit volume: 18.5meta-analyses: 19.3trials: 9.5genetic: 0MR bonus:
References (70)
7 meta-analyses / systematic reviews- METAGlobal, regional, and national prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2015: an updated systematic review and analysis. — The Lancet. Global health 2019 · PMID 31303293
- METAAssociation of Subjective and Objective Sleep Duration as well as Sleep Quality with Non-Invasive Markers of Sub-Clinical Cardiovascular Disease (CVD): A Systematic Review — Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2016 · PMID 27840384
- METAAssociation between fine particulate matter exposure and subclinical atherosclerosis: A meta-analysis. — European journal of preventive cardiology 2015 · PMID 26025448
- METASystematic Review of Association Between Low Ankle-Brachial Index and All-Cause Cardiovascular, or Non-cardiovascular Mortality. — Cell biochemistry and biophysics 2015 · PMID 27352355
- METAComparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. — Lancet (London, England) 2013 · PMID 23915883
- METAThe role of intima-media-thickness, ankle-brachial-index and inflammatory biochemical parameters for stroke risk prediction: a systematic review. — European journal of neurology 2011 · PMID 21895882
- METAEmerging Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease: A Summary of Systematic Reviews Conducted for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force — Annals of Internal Medicine 2009 · PMID 19805772
- Comparative Effects of Different Exercise Types on Cardiovascular Health and Executive Function in Sedentary Young Individuals. — Medicine and science in sports and exercise 2025 · PMID 39780353
- Ankle-brachial index and carotid ultrasound as surrogates for coronary artery disease diagnosis. — Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU 2024 · PMID 39189340
- Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Ankle-Brachial Index, Toe-Brachial Index, and Toe Pressure in Euthyroid People Aged 18-65. — Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2024 · PMID 39336486
- Cardio-ankle brachial index is associated with prolonged Tp-e interval in patients with arterial hypertension. — Journal of electrocardiology 2023 · PMID 36934493
- Associations of habitual alcohol drinking with HDL cholesterol and D-dimer in patients with peripheral arterial disease. — Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2023 · PMID 37301276
- Association of growth and differentiation factor-15 with coronary artery calcium score and ankle-brachial index in a middle-aged and elderly Caucasian population sample free of manifest cardiovascular disease. — GeroScience 2023 · PMID 37548881
- Association of ankle-brachial index with cognitive decline in patients with lacunar infarction. — PloS one 2022 · PMID 35120183
- Peripheral artery disease and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with NAFLD. — Journal of endocrinological investigation 2022 · PMID 35364761
- Polyvascular Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Correlation Between Ankle Brachial Index and Carotid Atherosclerosis in a Population-Based Sample. — Angiology 2022 · PMID 35758047
- Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using ankle-brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in patients with type 2 diabetes. — Scientific reports 2022 · PMID 35773381
- Incompressible ankle arteries predict increased morbidity and mortality in patients with an elevated ankle brachial index. — Vascular 2022 · PMID 36113169
- Peripheral artery disease and the risk of venous thromboembolism. — VASA. Zeitschrift fur Gefasskrankheiten 2022 · PMID 36134738
- Peripheral Artery Disease and Subsequent Risk of Infectious Disease in Older Individuals: The ARIC Study. — Mayo Clinic proceedings 2022 · PMID 36210200
- Correlation between ankle-brachial index and thermography measurements in patients with peripheral arterial disease. — Vascular 2021 · PMID 33752532
- Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Contemporary Epidemiology, Management Gaps, and Future Directions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. — Circulation 2021 · PMID 34315230
- Structured pain-free exercise progressively improves ankle-brachial index and walking ability in patients with claudication and compressible arteries: an observational study. — Internal and emergency medicine 2021 · PMID 34499318
- Accuracy of Ankle-Brachial Index, Toe-Brachial Index, and Risk Classification Score in Discriminating Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. — The American journal of cardiology 2021 · PMID 34583809
- Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) predict health care costs and utilization in older men, independent of prevalent clinical cardiovascular disease and each other. — Atherosclerosis 2020 · PMID 32000096
- Ambulatory arterial stiffness index in diabetic patients. — Revista medica de Chile 2020 · PMID 32730458
- Pole Test and Ankle-Brachial Index by Using Doppler Ultrasound for Peripheral Arterial Disease in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients. — The international journal of lower extremity wounds 2020 · PMID 32844689
- Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment. — American family physician 2019 · PMID 30874413
- Peripheral Artery Disease: Past, Present, and Future. — The American journal of medicine 2019 · PMID 31150643
- Spectrum effect and spectrum bias in the oscillometric ankle brachial index to diagnose peripheral arterial disease: Clinical implications. — Atherosclerosis 2018 · PMID 29529395
- Assessing Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Responses to Preventive Therapies in Clinical Practice. — Current atherosclerosis reports 2018 · PMID 29556802
- Association between peripheral arterial disease and cardiovascular risk factors: role of ultrasonography versus ankle-brachial index. — European review for medical and pharmacological sciences 2018 · PMID 29863271
- Carotid intima media thickness and ankle brachial index are inversely associated in subjects with and without diabetes. — Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation 2018 · PMID 30073874
- Prognostic Cardiovascular Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease. — Kidney & blood pressure research 2018 · PMID 30153666
- Computing the ankle-brachial index with parallel computational fluid dynamics. — Journal of biomechanics 2018 · PMID 30385003
- Ability of the Ankle Brachial Index and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity to Predict the 3-Month Outcome in Patients with Non-Cardioembolic Stroke. — Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 2017 · PMID 28502918
- Ischaemic stroke and peripheral artery disease. — JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 2017 · PMID 28839294
- Prevalence of peripheral artery disease and risk factors in the elderly: A community based cross-sectional study from northern Kerala, India — Indian Heart Journal 2017 · PMID 30580849
- Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Score of Zero and Other Negative Risk Markers for Cardiovascular Disease — Circulation 2016 · PMID 26801055
- Atherosclerotic Vessel Changes in Sarcoidosis. — Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2016 · PMID 26820732
- Association of Ankle-Brachial Index and Aortic Arch Calcification with Overall and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis. — Scientific reports 2016 · PMID 27608939
- Ticagrelor versus Clopidogrel in Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease — New England Journal of Medicine 2016 · PMID 27959717
- Epidemiology of peripheral artery disease. — Circulation research 2015 · PMID 25908725
- Coronary Artery Calcium Score Compared with Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Asymptomatic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes — Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2015 · PMID 26269147
- Cardiovascular risk factor profiles for peripheral artery disease and carotid atherosclerosis among Chinese older people: a population-based study. — PloS one 2014 · PMID 24465793
- Lifestyle and Dietary Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease — Circulation Journal 2014 · PMID 24492064
- Gender‐Specific Risk Factors for Peripheral Artery Disease in a Voluntary Screening Population — Journal of the American Heart Association 2014 · PMID 24627420
- The cardio-ankle vascular index and ankle-brachial index in young russians. — Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis 2014 · PMID 25230696
- Comparison of inflammation, arterial stiffness and traditional cardiovascular risk factors between rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease — Journal of Inflammation 2014 · PMID 25337037
- Ankle-brachial index and ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension. — Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 2012 · PMID 22323323
- Comparison of Novel Risk Markers for Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Intermediate-Risk Individuals — JAMA 2012 · PMID 22910756
- Associations Between Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease in Men — JAMA 2012 · PMID 23093164
- Prevalence of low ankle brachial index and relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in a Western urban population in Turkey. — Angiology 2012 · PMID 23221277
- Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with coronary artery disease and its risk factors. — PubMed 2012 · PMID 23405538
- Endothelial function in a cardiovascular risk population with borderline ankle-brachial index. — Vascular health and risk management 2011 · PMID 21415923
- Distribution of ankle—brachial index and the risk factors of peripheral artery disease in a multi-ethnic Asian population — Vascular Medicine 2011 · PMID 21447605
- Ankle--brachial index, vascular calcifications and mortality in dialysis patients. — Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2011 · PMID 21551082
- Ankle brachial index screening in asymptomatic older adults. — American heart journal 2011 · PMID 21570532
- Relationship between ankle brachial index and arterial remodeling in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. — Journal of vascular surgery 2011 · PMID 21723076
- [Usefulness of imaging techniques and novel biomarkers in the prediction of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease in Spain: the NEFRONA project]. — PubMed 2010 · PMID 20098474
- The role of ankle brachial index and carotid intima-media thickness in vascular risk stratification. — Current opinion in cardiology 2010 · PMID 20549844
- Management of peripheral arterial injury. — Current opinion in critical care 2010 · PMID 20852417
- Use and utility of ankle brachial index in patients with diabetes. — European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery 2010 · PMID 21095144
- Prevalence of peripheral artery disease and its associated risk factors in Spain: The ESTIME Study. — PubMed 2009 · PMID 19190551
- Mortality and Vascular Morbidity in Older Adults With Asymptomatic Versus Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease — Circulation 2009 · PMID 19901192
- Prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in an Asian population with diabetes mellitus — Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 2009 · PMID 20368197
- Ankle Brachial Index Combined With Framingham Risk Score to Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality — JAMA 2008 · PMID 18612117
- C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and soluble adhesion molecules as predictors of progressive peripheral atherosclerosis in the general population: Edinburgh Artery Study. — Circulation 2005 · PMID 16087797
- Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Peripheral Arterial Disease in the United States — Circulation 2004 · PMID 15262830
- Improved Prediction of Fatal Myocardial Infarction Using the Ankle Brachial Index in Addition to Conventional Risk Factors — Circulation 2004 · PMID 15477416
Clinical trials (8)
| NCT | Title | Status | Type | Interventions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06424548 | A Randomized, Open-label, Investigator-initiated, Pilot Clinical Trial Comparing the Improvement for Ankle Brachial Index and Safety of Sarpogrelate and Clopidogrel in Stroke Patients Accompanying Lower Extremity Vascular Atherosclerosis With Decrease of Ankle Brachial Index and Intermittent Claudication. | NOT YET RECRUITING | INTERVENTIONAL | Administration of Sarpogrelate, Traditional administration of Clopidogrel |
| NCT06001203 | The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Pain, Walking Impairement and Ankle Brachial Index Level in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease | COMPLETED | INTERVENTIONAL | Reflexology |
| NCT05315193 | Effects of Exercise Training on Ankle-brachial Index and Quality of Life in Coronary Artery Disease Patients After Stenting. | COMPLETED | INTERVENTIONAL | Structured In-patient and Home plan, Conventional Therapy |
| NCT02407314 | Impact of Ticagrelor and Aspirin Versus Clopidogrel and Aspirin in Patients With Claudication and Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): Thrombus Burden Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography | TERMINATED | INTERVENTIONAL | Percutaneous Peripheral Intervention, Optical Coherence Tomography, Ankle Brachial Index |
| NCT01013532 | A Multicenter, Double Blind, Factorial Design, Phase IV Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Cilostazol Long-term Treatment With Aspirin in Ischemic Stroke Patients With High Risk of Cerebral Hemorrhage for the Prevention of Cerebral Hemorrhage and Cardiovascular Events and to Compare the Preventive Effect of Probucol in the Same Patient Group With Non-drug User Group for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events | UNKNOWN | INTERVENTIONAL | Cilostazol, Probucol, Aspirin |
| NCT01645228 | Could Non-invasive Biochemical, Image or Physiological Index Predict Significant Coronary Arterial Stenosis in Symptomatic Adults? | UNKNOWN | OBSERVATIONAL | coronary calcium score measurement, high sensitivity C reactive protein measurement, ankle brachial index measurement |
| NCT04811547 | Adding Ankle Brachial Index to Traditional Framingham Risks Can Improve All-cause Mortality and Cardiac Mortality Prediction in Medium and High Framingham Risk Score Patients: A China Prediction Model | COMPLETED | OBSERVATIONAL | |
| NCT00743613 | Predicting Peripheral Arterial Disease in Men With Erectile Dysfunction | COMPLETED | OBSERVATIONAL | Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) |
Genetic associations (0)
None linked.