A
Serum uric acid
Renal & ElectrolyteLab test / biomarkerriskmodifiable
52
evidence score
Also known as: Hyperuricemia, Serum uric acid levels, Uric acid, elevated serum uric acid, elevated serum uric acid levels, elevated uric acid, hyperuricaemia, hyperuricemia, increase of serum uric acid, serum urate, serum uric acid is inversely associated with disease severity and especially with cardiovascular disease states, uric acid
PREVENT status
Not a PREVENT input variable.
Causal support
trial evidence
Score components
lit volume: 21.8meta-analyses: 19.3trials: 10.4genetic: 0MR bonus:
References (152)
7 meta-analyses / systematic reviews- METACardiovascular Outcomes of Uric Acid Lowering Medications: A Meta-Analysis. — Current cardiology reports 2024 · PMID 39352584
- METASerum uric acid and prognosis of ischemic stroke: Cohort study, meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study. — European stroke journal 2023 · PMID 37905729
- METAThe incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis. — Rheumatology international 2021 · PMID 33987709
- METAUrolithiasis, Independent of Uric Acid, Increased Risk of Coronary Artery and Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. — BioMed research international 2020 · PMID 32149075
- METASerum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis — BMC Nephrology 2019 · PMID 30642279
- METAHyperuricemia and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. — BMC cardiovascular disorders 2016 · PMID 27793095
- METAMeta-Analysis of 28,141 Individuals Identifies Common Variants within Five New Loci That Influence Uric Acid Concentrations — PLoS Genetics 2009 · PMID 19503597
- Non-traditional risk factors for atrial fibrillation: epidemiology, mechanisms, and strategies. — European heart journal 2025 · PMID 39716283
- Hyperuricemia and Cardiovascular Risk: Insights and Implications. — Critical pathways in cardiology 2025 · PMID 40062919
- Gout: one year in review 2025. — Clinical and experimental rheumatology 2025 · PMID 40153315
- Oxidative stress and inflammation mediate the adverse effects of cadmium exposure on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with diabetes and prediabetes. — Cardiovascular diabetology 2025 · PMID 40158078
- Ceramide-based risk score: A novel laboratory tool for cardiovascular risk stratification in hyperuricemia and gout. — Vascular pharmacology 2025 · PMID 40239856
- Association between the uric acid-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia: a population-based study. — Lipids in health and disease 2025 · PMID 40241174
- Exploring the association between cumulative hs-CRP and all-cause mortality, with consideration of cardiometabolic mediators in middle-aged and elderly adults: Insights from observational study: Hs-CRP and overall mortality risk. — Archives of gerontology and geriatrics 2025 · PMID 40354683
- Causal association of modifiable factors with cardiometabolic multimorbidity: an exposome-wide Mendelian randomization investigation. — Cardiovascular diabetology 2025 · PMID 40481456
- The Association Between the Hemoglobin Glycation Index and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Mini-Review. — Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2025 · PMID 40662995
- Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in gout: is gout an independent risk factor? — Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy 2025 · PMID 41320643
- SGLT2 inhibitors: from glucose-lowering to cardiovascular benefits. — Cardiovascular research 2024 · PMID 38456601
- A Possible Therapeutic Application of the Selective Inhibitor of Urate Transporter 1, Dotinurad, for Metabolic Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease. — Cells 2024 · PMID 38474414
- Cystatin C Is a Predictor for Long-Term, All-Cause, and Cardiovascular Mortality in US Adults With Metabolic Syndrome. — The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2024 · PMID 38597157
- Associations of uric acid with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease: the Kailuan Study. — European journal of preventive cardiology 2024 · PMID 38946352
- Uric acid and cardiovascular diseases: a reappraisal. — Postgraduate medicine 2024 · PMID 38973128
- Controversies and practical management of patients with gout and chronic kidney disease. — Kidney international 2024 · PMID 39033815
- Asymptomatic hyperuricemia: to treat or not a threat? A clinical and evidence-based approach to the management of hyperuricemia in the context of cardiovascular diseases. — Journal of hypertension 2024 · PMID 39051476
- Characteristics of pulse wave velocity and its correlation with cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy individuals. — Kardiologia polska 2024 · PMID 39177313
- Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Light-Intensity Physical Activity on Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Young Adults with Overweight and Obesity: Secondary Outcome Analyses of the SED-ACT Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. — Biomolecules 2024 · PMID 39199416
- The serum uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is a predictor for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: a cross-sectional study. — Frontiers in endocrinology 2024 · PMID 39345882
- Uric acid and risk of incident heart failure in individuals with cardiovascular disease. — Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2024 · PMID 39433455
- [Gout and Nutrition]. — Therapeutische Umschau. Revue therapeutique 2024 · PMID 39508812
- Risk factors and prediction models for recurrent acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective analysis. — PeerJ 2024 · PMID 39611013
- [Hyperuricemia]. — No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery 2024 · PMID 39622322
- Association of serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: a prospective cohort study. — Frontiers in endocrinology 2024 · PMID 39703865
- Insights into renal damage in hyperuricemia: Focus on renal protection (Review). — Molecular medicine reports 2024 · PMID 39717954
- Hyperuricemia, A new cardiovascular risk. — Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD 2024 · PMID 39939254
- Association of Serum Uric Acid With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Diabetes. — Diabetes care 2023 · PMID 36490263
- Serum uric acid variation and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A prospective cohort study. — European journal of internal medicine 2023 · PMID 36764904
- The Association between Apolipoprotein B, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Atherosclerosis-Findings from the SEPHAR National Registry on Hypertension in Romania. — International journal of molecular sciences 2023 · PMID 36769130
- Bempedoic Acid and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Statin-Intolerant Patients — New England Journal of Medicine 2023 · PMID 36876740
- Insulin Resistance Indices and Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Physically Fit Adults: CHIEF Atherosclerosis Study. — Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets 2023 · PMID 36967464
- Update in uric acid, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. — Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension 2023 · PMID 37072573
- [ANMCO statement: Uric acid and cardiovascular disease: evidence and therapeutic approach]. — Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006) 2023 · PMID 37227209
- Lifelong Heterogeneous Contribution of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Slow and Fast Progression of Arterial Stiffness. — Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2023 · PMID 37551598
- Uric Acid and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. — Journal of Korean medical science 2023 · PMID 37750373
- EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome. — Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2022 · PMID 35110331
- Age and Gender Differences Between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Serum Uric Acid. — The American journal of cardiology 2022 · PMID 35317928
- Uric Acid and Oxidative Stress—Relationship with Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Renal Impairment — International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2022 · PMID 35328614
- [Gout]. — Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie 2022 · PMID 35596003
- Uric Acid and Hypertension: a Review of Evidence and Future Perspectives for the Management of Cardiovascular Risk. — Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) 2022 · PMID 35658505
- <i>TET2</i>-mutant clonal hematopoiesis and risk of gout — Blood 2022 · PMID 35714308
- Serum Uric Acid and Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Cardiovascular Disease. — Current pharmaceutical design 2021 · PMID 33397230
- [Gout]. — Der Internist 2021 · PMID 33721041
- Dietary and Lifestyle-Centered Approach in Gout Care and Prevention. — Current rheumatology reports 2021 · PMID 34196878
- Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, Empagliflozin, is associated with significant reduction in weight, body mass index, fasting glucose, and A1c levels in Type 2 diabetic patients with established coronary heart disease: the SUPER GATE study. — Irish journal of medical science 2021 · PMID 34476725
- Molecular Biological and Clinical Understanding of the Pathophysiology and Treatments of Hyperuricemia and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Kidney Disease — International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021 · PMID 34502127
- Uric Acid in Inflammation and the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. — International journal of molecular sciences 2021 · PMID 34830282
- Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: From Childhood to Adulthood. — Nutrients 2021 · PMID 34836431
- Risk of coronary heart disease in patients with periodontitis among the middled-aged and elderly in China: a cohort study. — BMC oral health 2021 · PMID 34876078
- Pharmacologic Management of Gout in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure. — American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions 2020 · PMID 32090301
- Fructose and Uric Acid: Major Mediators of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Starting at Pediatric Age. — International journal of molecular sciences 2020 · PMID 32599713
- Gout epidemiology and comorbidities. — Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2020 · PMID 32620196
- Uric Acid and Vascular Damage in Essential Hypertension: Role of Insulin Resistance. — Nutrients 2020 · PMID 32825165
- Long-term cardiovascular safety of febuxostat compared with allopurinol in patients with gout (FAST): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial. — Lancet (London, England) 2020 · PMID 33181081
- Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update From Molecular Mechanism to Clinical Perspective — Frontiers in Pharmacology 2020 · PMID 33304270
- Uric Acid as a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease ― Japanese Guideline on the Management of Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia ― — Circulation Journal 2020 · PMID 33342914
- Uric acid and cardiovascular disease: A clinical review. — Journal of cardiology 2020 · PMID 33388217
- Gout and cardiovascular disease: crystallized confusion. — Current opinion in rheumatology 2019 · PMID 30601229
- Cardiovascular Disease in Gout and the Protective Effect of Treatments Including Urate-Lowering Therapy. — Drugs 2019 · PMID 30868398
- Genetically Determined Uric Acid and the Risk of Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study of Outcomes Investigated in Randomized Trials — Journal of the American Heart Association 2019 · PMID 31438759
- Genetically determined serum urate levels and cardiovascular and other diseases in UK Biobank cohort: A phenome-wide mendelian randomization study — PLoS Medicine 2019 · PMID 31626644
- Effect of Bempedoic Acid vs Placebo Added to Maximally Tolerated Statins on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease — JAMA 2019 · PMID 31714986
- Uric acid and cardiovascular disease. — Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 2018 · PMID 29803897
- Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A review of contemporary guidance and literature — JRSM Cardiovascular Disease 2017 · PMID 28286646
- Novel biomarkers for cardiovascular risk prediction. — PubMed 2017 · PMID 28491088
- Uric acid and cardiovascular risk: What genes can say. — International journal of clinical practice 2017 · PMID 29250870
- [Gestational hypertension]. — Hipertension y riesgo vascular 2017 · PMID 29908662
- Serum Uric Acid and Mortality Form Cardiovascular Disease: EPOCH-JAPAN Study — Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis 2016 · PMID 26887218
- [Hyperuricemia, gout and cardiovascular diseases]. — Therapeutische Umschau. Revue therapeutique 2016 · PMID 27008446
- Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: clinical review. — Medwave 2016 · PMID 27922586
- Serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease: the Gordian knot — Journal of Thoracic Disease 2016 · PMID 28066631
- Uric acid in the pathogenesis of metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases: A review — Journal of Advanced Research 2016 · PMID 28748119
- Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update — European Cardiology Review 2016 · PMID 30310447
- Hyperuricemia, gout, and cardiovascular disease: an update. — Current rheumatology reports 2015 · PMID 25740704
- Uric Acid and Cardiovascular Events — Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2015 · PMID 25788527
- [GOUT AND HYPERTENSION]. — Likars'ka sprava 2015 · PMID 26118024
- Serum uric acid and the risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. — Journal of hypertension 2015 · PMID 26136207
- Regulation of uric acid metabolism and excretion. — International journal of cardiology 2015 · PMID 26316329
- Psoriasis as an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease — Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 2015 · PMID 26316538
- Relation of serum uric acid to cardiovascular disease. — International journal of cardiology 2015 · PMID 26341316
- The role of uric acid in the development of cardiovascular disease. — Current medical research and opinion 2015 · PMID 26414729
- Plasma Xanthine Oxidase Activity Is Predictive of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Independently of Uric Acid Levels — The Nephron journals/Nephron journals 2015 · PMID 26426087
- Uric acid and cardiovascular disease risk reclassification: Findings from NHANES III — European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 2014 · PMID 24431384
- Hyperuricemia and cardiovascular risk. — High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension 2014 · PMID 24554489
- Serum uric acid and cardiovascular risk: state of the art and perspectives. — Joint bone spine 2014 · PMID 24565888
- Association between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals — BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2014 · PMID 24568132
- Improving cardiovascular and renal outcomes in gout: what should we target? — Nature reviews. Rheumatology 2014 · PMID 25136785
- Hyperuricemia and cardiovascular disease risk. — Expert review of cardiovascular therapy 2014 · PMID 25192804
- [Gout and cardiovascular risk]. — Vnitrni lekarstvi 2014 · PMID 25382012
- Chronic hyperuricemia, uric acid deposit and cardiovascular risk. — Current pharmaceutical design 2013 · PMID 23173592
- The role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of human cardiovascular disease — Heart 2013 · PMID 23343689
- Uric Acid as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Overweight/Obese Individuals — PLoS ONE 2013 · PMID 23533601
Clinical trials (10)
| NCT | Title | Status | Type | Interventions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04875702 | Treat-to-Target Serum Urate Versus Treat-to-Avoid Symptoms in Gout: A Randomized Controlled Trial | RECRUITING | INTERVENTIONAL | Allopurinol, Naproxen 250 MG, Colchicine 0.6 mg |
| NCT04697602 | Low-dose Colchicine With or Without Stepwise Dose Titration of Febuxostat for Flare Prophylaxis in Patients With Gout and Hyperuricemia During the Initial Phase of Urate-lowering Therapy: an Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial | TERMINATED | INTERVENTIONAL | Stepwise dose titration of febuxostat and low-dose colchicine, Fixed dose febuxostat and low-dose colchicine |
| NCT03226899 | A Phase 4, Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Lesinurad 200 mg in Combination With a Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor (XOI), Compared With an XOI Alone, in Subjects With Gout and Estimated Creatinine Clearance (eCrCl) 30 to <60 mL/Min Who Have Not Achieved Target Serum Uric Acid Levels (sUA) on an XOI Alone | TERMINATED | INTERVENTIONAL | Lesinurad, XOI, Placebo |
| NCT02462421 | Pharmacogenetics of Sodium-dependent Glucose Transporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors | TERMINATED | INTERVENTIONAL | Canagliflozin |
| NCT02252835 | A Phase 2, Open-label, Drug-Drug Interaction Study to Evaluate the Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety of Arhalofenate in Combination With Febuxostat for the Treatment of Hyperuricemia in Patients With Gout | COMPLETED | INTERVENTIONAL | Arhalofenate, Febuxostat, Arhalofenate |
| NCT01112982 | Shifting the Paradigm of Gout: An Assessment of Chronic Synovial-Based Inflammation and Its Role With Serum Urate Levels. | COMPLETED | INTERVENTIONAL | Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Febuxostat, Colchicine |
| NCT00738842 | A Randomised, Double-Blind, Two-Period Crossover Study to Assess the Effect of AZD6140 on Uric Acid Levels in Healthy Male Volunteers | COMPLETED | INTERVENTIONAL | AZD6140, Placebo to match AZD6140 |
| NCT07017868 | Correlation Between Serum Uric Acid, Serum Homocysteine Level and Interleukin- 17 in Lupus Nephritis Patients | RECRUITING | OBSERVATIONAL | interleukin- 17 |
| NCT05342285 | Flow Mediated Dilation in Association With Hyperuricemia as Predictors of Cardiovascular Affection in Patients With Systemic Lupus | UNKNOWN | OBSERVATIONAL | Flow mediated dilation |
| NCT04554069 | Effect of Different Antihypertensive Treatment on Serum Uric Acid in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients | UNKNOWN | OBSERVATIONAL |
Genetic associations (0)
None linked.