B
Waist-to-hip ratio
Anthropometric & Body CompositionPhysical parameterriskmodifiable
27
evidence score
Also known as: Waist-hip ratio, waist hip ratio, waist-hip ratio, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist/hip ratio, whr
PREVENT status
Not a PREVENT input variable.
Causal support
observational only
Score components
lit volume: 18.1meta-analyses: 6trials: 3genetic: 0MR bonus:
References (63)
1 meta-analyses / systematic reviews- METAObesity and the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2016 · PMID 27190330
- Adiposity and domain-specific stroke recovery: A Mendelian randomization study. — European stroke journal 2025 · PMID 39953957
- Waist to hip ratio modifies the cardiovascular risk of lipoprotein (a): Insights from MESA. — Progress in cardiovascular diseases 2025 · PMID 40081639
- Importance of Clinical, Laboratory, and Genetic Risk Factors for Incident CAD. — Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine 2025 · PMID 40605734
- Body roundness index (BRI) and obesity-related anthropometrics: Relationship to visceral adiposity, insulin sensitivity index and cardiometabolic risk. — Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2025 · PMID 40654034
- Adiposity and Functional Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study. — Neurology 2024 · PMID 38181322
- Associations of 50 modifiable risk factors with atrial fibrillation using Mendelian randomization analysis. — European journal of clinical investigation 2024 · PMID 38438337
- Analyses of potential causal contributors to increased waist/hip ratio-associated cardiometabolic disease: A combined and sex-stratified Mendelian randomization study. — Diabetes, obesity & metabolism 2024 · PMID 38488265
- Sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, and gastrointestinal diseases: evidence from mendelian randomization analysis. — EBioMedicine 2024 · PMID 38583262
- Association Between Obesity and Risk of Total and Obesity-Related Cancer in People With Incident Cardiovascular Disease. — Journal of the American Heart Association 2024 · PMID 39189606
- Large-Scale Plasma Proteomics Profiles for Predicting Ischemic Stroke Risk in the General Population. — Stroke 2024 · PMID 39704077
- Healthy lifestyle, DNA methylation age acceleration, and incident risk of coronary heart disease. — Clinical epigenetics 2023 · PMID 36978155
- Genetic and clinical factors underlying a self-reported family history of heart disease. — European journal of preventive cardiology 2023 · PMID 37011137
- Obesity-induced inflammation exacerbates clonal hematopoiesis. — The Journal of clinical investigation 2023 · PMID 37071471
- Genetic Association and Potential Mediators between Sarcopenia and Coronary Heart Disease: A Bidirectional Two-Sample, Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study. — Nutrients 2023 · PMID 37447340
- Genetically predicted waist-to-hip circumference ratio and coronary artery disease: A sex-specific Mendelian randomization study. — HGG advances 2023 · PMID 37663544
- Adherence to a healthy lifestyle, genetic susceptibility to abdominal obesity, cardiometabolic risk markers, and risk of coronary heart disease. — The American journal of clinical nutrition 2023 · PMID 37923500
- Lifestyle and metabolic risk factors in patients with early-onset myocardial infarction: a case-control study. — European journal of preventive cardiology 2022 · PMID 35776839
- Rare loss of function variants in the hepatokine gene INHBE protect from abdominal obesity. — Nature communications 2022 · PMID 35896531
- Metabolic risk factors in first acute coronary syndrome (MERIFACS) Study. — Indian heart journal 2022 · PMID 35931204
- Shared genetic risk factors and causal association between psoriasis and coronary artery disease. — Nature communications 2022 · PMID 36323703
- Visceral adiposity indices and cardiometabolic risk markers in patients with hypertension. — Archives of endocrinology and metabolism 2022 · PMID 36468922
- The impact of particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) on atherosclerosis in modernizing China: a report from the CATHAY study. — International journal of epidemiology 2021 · PMID 33349857
- Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis. — Stroke 2021 · PMID 33535786
- Risk factors mediating the effect of body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio on cardiovascular outcomes: Mendelian randomization analysis. — International journal of obesity (2005) 2021 · PMID 34002035
- Serum endothelin-1 level positively correlates with waist and hip circumferences in stable coronary artery disease patients. — Reviews in cardiovascular medicine 2021 · PMID 34565091
- Associations between abdominal obesity indices and diabetic complications: Chinese visceral adiposity index and neck circumference. — Cardiovascular diabetology 2020 · PMID 32736628
- Association between waist-hip ratio and coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women. — Menopause (New York, N.Y.) 2020 · PMID 32852452
- The effect of cardiac rehabilitation program on functional capacity and waist to hip ratio in patients with coronary artery disease: A clinical trial. — Japan journal of nursing science : JJNS 2020 · PMID 33107209
- Predictive Value of Waist Height Ratio, Waist Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index in Assessing Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Myocardial Infarction Patients. — Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ 2020 · PMID 33116095
- Relation of Waist-Hip Ratio to Long-Term Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. — The American journal of cardiology 2018 · PMID 29482851
- Obesity, Visceral Fat, and Hypertension-Related Complications. — Metabolic syndrome and related disorders 2018 · PMID 30183499
- Socioeconomic status and central adiposity as determinants of stress-related biological responses relevant to cardiovascular disease risk. — Brain, behavior, and immunity 2018 · PMID 30468859
- Genetic Association of Waist-to-Hip Ratio With Cardiometabolic Traits, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease. — JAMA 2017 · PMID 28196256
- Education and hypertension: impact on global cardiovascular risk. — Acta cardiologica 2017 · PMID 28657499
- Association of Waist-Hip Ratio to Sudden Cardiac Death and Severe Coronary Atherosclerosis in Medicolegal Autopsies. — The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology 2017 · PMID 28692479
- Assessment of the Correlation between Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Waist-Hip Ratio. — Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences 2017 · PMID 29362621
- Relationship of Plasma Adiponectin and Waist-hip Ratio with Coronary Artery Disease. — Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) 2016 · PMID 28210011
- Association between low education and higher global cardiovascular risk. — Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) 2015 · PMID 25703272
- Association of cystatin C with measures of obesity and its impact on cardiovascular events among healthy US adults. — Metabolic syndrome and related disorders 2014 · PMID 25118891
- Adiposity markers and risk of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. — Nutrition journal 2014 · PMID 25539716
- Discovery and refinement of loci associated with lipid levels. — Nature genetics 2013 · PMID 24097068
- Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with coronary artery disease and its risk factors. — PubMed 2012 · PMID 23405538
- Leptin/adiponectin ratio in patients with coronary heart disease: comparing subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. — Annals of clinical biochemistry 2011 · PMID 21502199
- Coronary heart disease and body fat distribution. — Current atherosclerosis reports 2010 · PMID 20425248
- Relation of C-reactive protein to abdominal adiposity. — The American journal of cardiology 2010 · PMID 20609648
- Waist-height ratio as a predictor of coronary heart disease among women. — Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2009 · PMID 19289960
- Waist-to-hip ratio correlates with homocysteine levels in male patients with coronary artery disease. — Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2008 · PMID 18194083
- Comparison of different markers of socioeconomic status with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors in the Diabetes, Heart and Health Survey. — PubMed 2008 · PMID 18278081
- Pulse pressure amplification and risk of cardiovascular disease. — American journal of hypertension 2008 · PMID 18369358
- Smoking-induced metabolic disorders: a review. — Diabetes & metabolism 2008 · PMID 18468932
- Distribution of body fat and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women. — Current opinion in cardiology 2008 · PMID 18830075
- Waist-to-height ratio and coronary artery disease in Taiwanese type 2 diabetic patients. — Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2008 · PMID 18927550
- Risk Factors for Early Myocardial Infarction in South Asians Compared With Individuals in Other Countries — JAMA 2007 · PMID 17227980
- Risk Factors for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Latin America — Circulation 2007 · PMID 17339564
- Abdominal obesity and coronary heart disease in Thai men. — Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2007 · PMID 17426340
- Number of children and coronary heart disease risk factors in men and women from a British birth cohort — BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2007 · PMID 17516964
- Retinal Vascular Caliber, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Inflammation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) — Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 2006 · PMID 16723443
- The obesity epidemic and its cardiovascular consequences. — Current opinion in cardiology 2006 · PMID 16755205
- Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke Subtypes — Stroke 2006 · PMID 16931783
- Glycemic Control, Atherosclerosis, and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Individuals With Diabetes — Diabetes Care 2005 · PMID 16043740
- Waist-hip ratio and low HDL predict the risk of coronary artery disease in Pakistanis. — Current medical research and opinion 2004 · PMID 14741073
- Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease in Type 1 Diabetic Patients in Europe — Diabetes Care 2004 · PMID 14747240
Clinical trials (1)
| NCT | Title | Status | Type | Interventions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04979377 | Prevalence of Hyperandrogenism in Young Women With Type 1 Diabetes and Study of the Underlying Pathophysiological Mechanisms | COMPLETED | OBSERVATIONAL | Clinical hyperandrogenism assessment, Total testosterone (ng/dL), A1c (%) |
Genetic associations (0)
None linked.